Books
- Fundamentals of Data Visualization, by Claus O. Wilke – a primer on making informative and compelling figures
- R for Data Science (2e), by Hadley Wickham, Mine Çetinkaya-Rundel, and Garrett Grolemund – an excellent primer on all things R for data wrangling, exploration, visualizing, and communicating, largely focused on using the
{tidyverse} - ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis (3e), by Hadley Wickham, Danielle Navarro, and Thomas Lin Pedersen – helpful for understanding the underlying theory of ggplot2 graphics (NOTE: this is currently (as of November 2023) a work-in-progress, and as the authors put it, “a dumping ground for ideas…we don’t recommend reading it” – it’s still worth noting its existence so that you can return to it in the future!)
- Data Visualization: A practical introduction, by Kieran Healy – a hands-on intro to the principles and practice of looking at and presenting data using R and ggplot.
- Hands-On Data Visualization, by Jack Dougherty and Ilya Ilyankou – learn how to tell stories with your data using drag-and-drop tools (e.g. Google Sheets, Datawrapper, Tableau Public)
- The Truthful Art: Data, Charts, and Maps for Communication, by Albert Cairo – a guide to understanding information graphics and visualization (I have a hard copy in my office if you’d like to borrow it!)
- A ggplot2 Tutorial for Beautiful Plotting in R, by Cédric Scherer – a blog post that might as well be a book; an excellent introduction to many different ggplot options, ideas, and extension packages
Chart types
- From Data to Viz, by Yan Holtz & Conor Healy – a decision tree for deciding which chart type is most appropriate for your data
- Chart Suggestions – A Thought-Starter, by A. Abela – a single pdf decision tree, which uses the four main chart types to guide users towards selecting an appropriate visualization
- Data Viz Project, by Ferdio (an infographic and data visualization agency in Copenhagen) – 100 different visualizations from one simple dataset
Colors
color theory & rules for data visualization
- Your Friendly Guide to Colors in Data Visualization, by Lisa Charlotte Muth – a blog post on useful tools for deciding data viz color palettes
- What to consider when choosing colors for data visualization, by Lisa Charlotte Muth – a blog post with explanations and examples
- Picking the right colors, by Mike Cisneros – blog post on important considerations for choosing colors for your data visualization
- 5 pitfalls to avoid when working with color in data visualization, by Vanessa Fillis, Mafe Callejón and Simona Tselova – common pitfalls in choosing colors for data viz and how to avoid them
- Colors and Emotions in Data Visualization, by Cédric Scherer – how colors influence our emotional response to data visualizations
- Subtleties of Color, by Robert Simmon – a 6 part blog post series from NASA Earth Observatory about the use of color to map Earth observation data
color pickers & palette generators
{paletteer}: provides common functions for accessing a near comprehensive list of palettes; be sure to also check out the R Color Palettes website, which includes previews of all palettes (clicking on one will reveal the{paletteer}code for using it or the associated HEX codes, along with example visualizations)- Google color picker – a color picker
- htmlcolorcodes.com – a color picker for HTML color codes, Hex color codes, RGB and HSL values
- coolors.co – a super fast color palette generator, that also includes lots of pre-built palettes to draw inspiration from, an image picker to extract colors from your uploaded images, and a color contrast checker
- Palette Generator, by Learn UI Design – supply a starting color(s) and this tool will generate a palette, single hue, or divergent color scheme
- Viz Palette, by Elijah Meeks and Susie Lu – a tool that shows you how well your chosen colors work for tiny lines and big areas, warns if you have colors sharing the same name (which can make it more challenging to talk about your designs, say, in a presentation), and can simulate color vision deficiencies
- Shade Generator – a tool for generating shade scales
accessibility & colors
- Colorblind Safe Color Schemes, by the NCEAS Science Communication Resource Center – tips and examples of colorblind-friendly color palettes
- Let’s get color blind – Google Chrome extension for simulating color deficiencies in the web browser
- Color review, by Anton Robsarve – for understanding foreground and background contrasts
- Color Contrast Checker, by Userway: check your color contrast ratio, and view WCAG Compliance Results for different element types
- Color Contrast Checker, by coolors: check your color contrast ratio, and use their enhancement tool to improve your colors
Typography
- Google Fonts – catalog of open-source fonts and icons, which can be imported for use with
{ggplot2}; check out this collection of short articles on choosing type - fontpair – free fonts and font pairings
- Which fonts to use for your charts and tables, by Lisa Charlotte Muth
- Choosing Fonts for Your Data Visualization, by Tiffany France
- Wake up & smell the fonts, by Sarah Hyndman – a great 14min-long TEDx talk about how fonts turn words into stories that have the power to influence audience perceptions
Alternative (alt) text
- How to write good alternative descriptions for your data visualization, by Amy Cesal – great instructions (and examples) on how to construct informative alt text for data visualizations
- Writing Alt Text for Data Visualization, also by Amy Cesal – more great example of alt text for data viz!
- #TidyTuesday alt text instructions – a simple formula for writing alt text for data visualizations, as recommended for #TidyTuesday participants
DEI in data visualization
- Do No Harm Guide: Applying Equity Awareness in Data Visualization, by Jonathan Schwabish and Alice Feng – a guide for for approaching data work (and particularly visualizations) through a lens of diversity, equity, and inclusion
- Racial Equity GIS Hub, by ESRI – an ongoing, continuously expanding resource hub to assist organizations working to address racial inequities; it includes data layers, maps, applications, training resources, articles on best practices, solutions, and examples of how Esri users from around the world are leveraging GIS to address racial inequities
- Northstar in GIS – a nonprofit organization that magnifies the work and talent of Black professionals in GIS, geography, and STEM careers; showcases technology advancing racial justice and promotes belonging and collaboration for Black GIS students, educators, entrepreneurs, professionals, and allies
A mix of a cool miscellaneous resources
podcasts
- Data Stories, hosted by Enrico Bertini and Moritz Stefaner – a podcast on data visualization; be sure to check out episode 056: Amanda Cox on Working With R, NYT Projects, Favorite Data (Amanda Cox was, for many years, the New York Times data editor)!
- Tidy Tuesday, hosted by Jon Harmon – a weekly (very short, ~5min-long) podcast that reviews a visualization (or a few) produced by community members using the latest published data set; Jon describes the visualization and describes a couple key geoms and / or functions the author used to create it
- Data is Plural, hosted by Jeremy Singer-Vine – a new podcast from the long-running newsletter, Data Is Plural, where each episode distills an expert interview into a crisp 15 minutes, taking you behind the scenes of another surprising data set
journals / articles
- Nightingale: Journal of the Data Visualization Society – focuses on data visualization from personal stories to exploratory research to interviews with leaders in the community, data ethics, and best practices
- Grainger S, Mao F, Buytaert W (2016) Environmental data visualisation for non-scientific contexts: Literature review and design framework. Environmental Modelling & Software. 85:299-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.09.004
- Rougier NP, Droettboom M, Bourne PE (2014) Ten Simple Rules for Better Figures. PLOS Computational Biology. 10(9): e1003833. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003833
news / reporting outlets
- The Upshot, by The New York Times – analysis that explains politics, policy and everyday life, with an emphasis on data and charts
- Graphic Detail, by The Economist – a collection of graphics published by The Economist
videos
- The Data Digest – a YouTube channel with super helpful, short videos on stats / data viz in R
- Albert Rapp – Albert’s YouTube channel, with tons of great coding tutorials (including lots of ggplot)
- TED Topics: Visualizations – a collection of TED talks (and more) on the topic of Visualizations
blogs / blog posts
- Climate Viz, by Datawrapper – a collection of blog posts on data visualizations created with Datawrapper that help us (and hopefully you) to understand global warming and what humanity can do against it
- Jazz up your ggplots!, by Elmera Azadpour, Althea Archer, Hayler Corson-Dosch & Cee Nell at USGS – an awesome blog post with example USGS viz + code; stay up-to-date with cool data happenings at USGS in their Water Data For The Nation Blog
curated lists
- awesome-ggplot2, by Erik Gahner Larsen – a curated list of awesome ggplot2 tutorials, packages etc.
Inspirational data visualization creators
{ggplot2} creators
(In my honest opinion) One of the best ways to learn how to build exciting ggplots is to look at code that others have written. Here are just a few folks doing really incredible work (along with their repos where they often showcase their creations):
| Creator | Data Viz Repository (and other online materials) |
|---|---|
| Ijeamaka Anyene | tidytuesday |
| Elmera Azadpour | Elmera (MESM 2022) is a Data Visualization Specialist at USGS and builds amazing viz; check out her GitHub profile for many cool repos |
| Aman Bhargava | tidytuesday (Aman uses a variety of different tools & languages for his TidyTuesday creations) |
| Meghan Hall | check out Meghan’s awesome blog posts, which cover a number of {ggplot2} topics |
| Ryan Hart | TidyTuesday |
| Georgios Karamanis | tidytuesday |
| Jake Kaupp | tidytuesdays |
| Danielle Navarro | generative art outputs from multiple repos can be found on Danielle’s website’s Gallery |
| Cristophe Nicault | tidytuesday |
| Dan Oehm | tidytues |
| Albert Rapp | PublicTidyTuesday, but also check out his YouTube channel & blog |
| Nicola Rennie | tidytuesday (Nicola also records nearly all of her work using the {camcorder} package) |
| Cédric Scherer | TidyTuesday |
| Tanya Shapiro | tanya-data-viz |
| Cara Thompson | tidytuesdays |
Other seriously amazing data visualizationists
Definitely don’t limit yourself to just {ggplot2} creators! There are so many incredible data story-tellers and information designers to draw inspiration and learn from. Just a few:
- Nadieh Bremer
- Mona Chalabi
- Sonja Kuijpers
- Lisa Charlotte Muth
- Giorgia Lupi (check out this great short interview)
- Simon Scarr
- Kinga Stryszowska-Hill (who does use R /
{ggplot2}, among other data visualization tools)
Data sources
Data are everywhere, but that doesn’t mean they’re necessarily easy to track down. Here are some of the places I’ve found and used data from (or at least considered using data from). If you’ve found a cool data source (particularly if it’s a source of environmental data), I would love to know! It can help me build out teaching materials with new / different examples, and also help your peers who may be searching for similar data. Please consider contributing data sources using this Google Form.
data repositories
- DataOne – a repository of data repositories! Search across all member repositories (including repositories like EDI Data Portal, Arctic Data Center, KNB, etc.) for environmental data (along with curated metadata records)
- EDI Data Portal – contains environmental and ecological data and metadata derived from publicly funded research contributed by a number of participating organizations (e.g. EDI is the main repository for all Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) data)
government agencies
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) – there are tons of data sets buried in the pages of this website (you’ll likely have to do a bit of digging)
- Data.gov – view data sets by the federal agency, state, city, or county that publishes them
- EPA’s National Emissions Inventory (NEI) Data Retrieval Tool – read more about NEI Data on the EPA’s website
- NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information – specifically, check out their Climate Monitoring Products (I used the County Mapping interface to download precipitation data featured in Lecture 5.3’s choropleth map)
{tidycensus}package – tooling that allows R users to more easily interface with a select number of the US Census Bureau’s data APIs and return tidyverse-ready data frames
Learning communities
online communities
- TidyTuesday, by the R4DS Online Learning Community – a weekly data project in R, and an excellent (dare I say, the best) way to practice your data wrangling & visualization skills
local communities
The following Santa Barbara-based groups hold regular meetups, workshops, networking events, and more:
- EcoDataScience – an environmental data science community based at the University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB), open to anyone who is interested in joining the journey of learning, advancing and applying data science skills in the environmental and ecological field
- R-Ladies Santa Barbara – a local chapter of R-Ladies Global, which exists to promote diversity in the R community
- Central Coast R Users Group – a local group that brings Central Coast R users together to exchange information and ideas about R, data science, other open source languages, etc., and to build the R community throughout the Central Coast area
- Santa Barbara Women in STEM – a local network of professionals with a common goal to promote and encourage women in fields related to science, technology, engineering, and math
Artwork by Allison Horst